Aim: The study comparatively evaluated the efficacy of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) with metronidazole and PRF alone in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects both clinically and radiographically. Methods: A total no. of 20 subjects maintaining good oral hygiene with minimum two sites having vertical bony defects were selected using CBCT. All subjects were randomly assigned to anyone of the two groups (group A PRF+MTZ ; group B PRF only) using lottery system. All subject underwent open flap debridement and placement of either of the material mentioned above and a periodic follow-up at 6 and 9 months. Results: Improvement in clinical parameters (Plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, relative attachment level) as well as in radiographic parameters (defect depth and defect volume) as compared to baseline in both the groups was observed with group A exhibiting higher statistically significant values as compared to group B. Conclusion: The combination of PRF+MTZ were proven to be better than PRF alone. Further, long term clinical trials with larger samples of various drug concentrations and longer duration should be carried out to assess a complete periodontal regeneration rather than bone regeneration.

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Context: Comparison between antemortem and postmortem dental records and radiographs produce results with a high degree of reliability and relative simplicity. Kvaal et al. introduced an age estimation method by indirectly measuring secondary dentin deposition on radiographs. Cameriere et al., later, put forth a method based on the radiographic estimation of pulp/tooth area ratio (AR) in canines. The purpose of the present study was to assess the validity and reliability of the various width and length variables in Kvaal's and Cameriere's methods of age estimation in a specific populace of Central India origin. Materials and Methods: A total of 110 patients aged between 15 and 75 years were selected, and the variables P = complete pulp length/root length (from enamel-cementum junction [ECJ] to root apex), r = complete pulp length/complete tooth length, a = complete pulp length/root width at ECJ level, b = pulp/root width at midpoint level between ECJ level and mid-root level, and c = pulp/root width at mid-root level, and pulp/tooth AR were recorded as devised in Kvaal's and Cameriere's methods of age estimation, respectively. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS (version 10.5) package. Mean comparison of morphological variables was carried out using Student's t-test. Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of measurements was studied using the concordance correlation coefficient. Results: Of all the morphological variables, variables P = complete pulp length/root length (from ECJ to root apex), r = complete pulp length/complete tooth length, mean (M), length (L), and pulp/tooth AR correlated significantly with age with variable P = complete pulp length/root length (from ECJ to root apex) correlating the best among them. Conclusion: Variables associated with width ratios (a = complete pulp length/root width at ECJ level, b = pulp/root width at midpoint level between ECJ level and mid-root level, and c = pulp/root width at mid-root level) rather than length ratios (p = complete pulp length/root length (from ECJ to root apex) and r = complete pulp length/complete tooth length) correlated best with chronological age in the populace of Central India origin.

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A palatal wound becomes when palatal premolar region is used for obtaining connective tissue graft. To overcome this disadvantage, connective tissue graft is obtained from interdental papilla; as a result, there is no palatal wound. Envelope flap has blood supply by both sides because it contains no vertical incisions. Therefore, the purpose of this case report was to evaluate the free reverse rotated papillary connective tissue graft (CTG) and coronally advanced envelope flap (CAEF) technique for the treatment of gingival recession. A patient with the gingival recession of 5 mm depth and 3 mm width was treated by free reverse rotated papillary CTG and CAEF technique. A partial-thickness envelope flap was made on the underlying alveolar mucosa. The recipient bed was prepared by de-epithelialization of adjacent papillae to gingival recession. The donor papilla was de-epithelialized on facial aspect, and CTG was harvested. The papillary CTG was then placed on recipient bed in a reverse manner that is base toward cementoenamel junction and the tip toward the base of gingival recession and sutured. The envelope flap was coronally advanced to fully cover the papillary CTG and sutured. After 1 year, 100% root coverage obtained. The histologic studies will be required to confirm the type of attachment obtained by free reverse rotated papillary CTG and CAEF technique on the root surface.

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In today's world, people are more concerned about their beauty, looks and physical appearance. This has brought greater demands to esthetics in dentistry. One of the unaesthetic appearance of the oral cavity is loss of interdental papilla i.e., black triangle between maxillary anterior teeth which can occur due to many reasons and it's a challengeable task to treat it. The present case series demonstrates an interdisciplinary approach with a combination of modified Beagle's technique and composite restoration to reconstruct interdental papilla between maxillary central incisors with 6 months follow- up. Complete reconstruction of the lost papilla was achieved in both the cases 6 months postoperatively.

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Gingival enlargements are most commonly encountered problem in day-to-day periodontal practice. They are classified on the basis of etiology, pathology, location, and distribution in the oral cavity. The enlargements may be associated with hormonal, nutritional imbalance or other local factors and systemic diseases. The combination of various conditions may lead to rapid progression leading to severe periodontal destruction. If they are not properly diagnosed and managed in time, may lead to further complications. Correct diagnosis should be made based on clinical and radiological examination along with the blood and histopathological investigations. Presenting an interesting rare case of generalized gingival enlargement associated with hypothyroidism, generalized aggressive periodontitis and plasma cell gingivitis, which was diagnosed and managed successfully in the Department of Periodontology.

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Introduction: Cheek biting commonly reported by patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This cheek biting may cause cheek bite keratosis. This research aims to study the prevalence of cheek bite keratosis among TMD patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 373 TMD patients seen in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) clinic by one TMJ specialist since 2013. Convenient sampling technique was followed where all screened patients having TMDs were included in the study. Results: TMD patients who have cheek-bite keratosis are 226 patients (60.6%). Female TMD patients are the majority (75.60%) and 78.8% of TMD patients with cheek bite keratosis were female. The highest number of TMD patients (4.6%) was at the age of 20 years old. Conclusion: Cheek bite keratosis is an important sign for TMD screening for the general dentist in the first dental visit. Dentist who finds cheek bite keratosis during intraoral examination advised to ask more screening questions and do more clinical examination for TMDs.

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