Contemporary dental practice is undergoing a sea change; wherein the approach is an interdisciplinary one aimed to impart minimally invasive, painless, and atraumatic treatments to patients. To enhance their vision for both clinical and laboratory procedures, an increasing number of practitioners are opting for magnification systems such as loupes and microscopes in their practice. Due to their benefits such as improved visual acuity due to coaxial lighting, unobstructed vision, illumination, smaller instruments, minimal trauma, and ergonomic benefits, microscope-assisted precision dentistry is becoming the order of the day. Many dental schools are also making the use of these systems mandatory in their teaching curriculi. Even though the use of microscope initially started in ophthalmology, it's benefits in endodontic therapy which can best be performed under magnifications up to ×10-20 remains unparalleled. These benefits also extend to all aspects of dentistry including periodontics, restorative, prosthetic dentistry, and implant dentistry. Barring the disadvantages of steep learning curve, cost, and maneuverability of the equipment, magnifications are definitely becoming an important aspect of modern-day dentistry, owing to their numerous other benefits. Clinical Relevance To Interdisciplinary Dentistry Microscope-enhanced dentistry is actually a part of a broader movement of minimally invasive and holistic approach in dentistry, aimed at development of newer techniques, and achieving esthetically superior outcomes , due to improved visual acuity. Magnified vision leads to improvised treatment, thus diagnosis, and management of multiple interdisciplinary problem areas can be achieved with utmost precision by incorporating magnification systems in day to day practice.

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Patient-related outcomes are one of the primary concerns in the selection of periodontal surgical procedure. The need of less invasive and patient-friendly surgical procedures has led to invent of the concept of "minimally surgical techniques." These surgeries aim to produce minimal flap reflection, small wounds, and gentle handling of soft tissues. This review summarizes the rationale, indications, contraindications, and technique of various minimally invasive periodontal surgical procedures. Clinical Relevance To Interdisciplinary Dentistry Minimally invasive surgical techniques tend to enhance the outcome of periodontal regenerative procedures. As predictability of various restorative, orthodontic treatments as well as implants depend on successful regenerative therapy, minimally invasive surgery is an important step to achieve this goal.

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Objective: Oral rehabilitation of a completely edentulous patient is essential to improve the patients self-esteem and self-confidence through the fabrication of conventional or implant supported overdentures. To achieve this, there is a need to restore the natural appearance of the patient through appropriate anterior tooth selection which requires reliable guidelines. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the correlation and evaluate the reliability of the interalar width to intercanine distance and intercommissural distance to the distal aspects of the canines in the selection of maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: Two-hundred individuals who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. The four parameters such as interalar width, intercanine distance, intercommissural width, and distance between distal aspects of canines were measured. The data obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: The results revealed that the mean values for interalar width and intercanine distance in males were 3.852 and 3.538 cm, respectively, and in females, it was 3.396 and 3.402 cm, respectively. In addition, the mean values for intercommissural width and distance between the distal aspects of canines were 4.921 and 3.913 cm in males, respectively. In females, it was 4.590 and 3.740 cm, respectively. In males and females, the correlation between interalar width and the difference between the intercanine distance and interalar width is statistically highly significant (in males r = 0.707, in females r = 0.619). Correlation of difference of intercommissural width and the distance between the distal aspects of the canines with the average of intercommissural width is statistically significant (in males r = 0.777, in females r = 0.712). Conclusion: A correlation was observed between the interalar distance and the intercanine distance and also between the intercommissural distance and the distance between the distal aspects of canines. Clinical Relevance To Interdisciplinary Dentistry

• It is the dentists' responsibility to preserve the natural dignity of advancing age while fabricating a complete denture prosthesis, with appropriate and careful selection and arrangement of teeth
• As it is difficult to determine the dimensions of the maxillary anterior teeth for an edentulous patient when preextraction records are not available, other guidelines must be taken into consideration and the development and implementation of an esthetic proforma to guide the dentist and patient may be essential
• One area of prime concern may be to determine correlations and relationships between interalar width and intercommissural width with the mesiodistal width of upper anterior teeth which can be interpreted as a useful guide in clinical practice.

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Perforations are undesirable complications and unfortunate incidents that can occur during root canal therapy. The present case report describes the surgical management of extensive iatrogenic perforation of the pulpal floor of the first mandibular molar in furcation area. Radiographic analysis confirmed Grade II furcation involvement. Therefore, the diagnosis of primary endodontic and secondary periodontal lesion was made. Surgical debridement of the furcation area with simultaneous repair of perforation was considered. After flap reflection and proper debridement, perforation was located. The perforation was sealed with biodentine. In the furcation area, regeneration was done by placing bone graft and covering it with guided tissue regeneration membrane. Postoperatively, the healing was uneventful. After healing, prosthetic restoration was done. Thus, the case was successfully managed. Clinical Relevance To Interdisciplinary Dentistry Biodentine has a wide range of applications including endodontic repair (root perforations, apexification, resorptive lesions, and retrograde filling material in endodontic surgery) and pulp capping and can be used as a dentine replacement material in restorative dentistry. Its lack of cytotoxixity and tissue acceptability properties make it biocompatible with pulpal and periodontal tissue.

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This paper describes the importance of accurate diagnosis in the management of complex endodontic cases and highlights the usefulness of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the effective management of challenging cases. This paper discusses seven patients managed for different Endodontic related conditions. The conditions include large radicular cyst, coronoradicular groove, open apex, impacted tooth in an inverted position, mandibular lateral incisor with unusual anatomy (two canals and root concavity), extensive external cervical resorption, and root fractures. In all these cases, CBCT revealed the three-dimensional nature of anatomic and pathologic structures and aided us in following appropriate treatment strategies. CBCT appears to be more reliable than radiographs in the diagnosis and management of complex cases. Since structures can be visualized in different planes, three-dimensional nature of any given object can be studied without any superimposition and distortion. Appropriate utilization of this technology could help in effective patient management. Clinical Relevance To Interdisciplinary Dentistry This article discusses several cases with conditions like large radicular cyst, extensive root resorption, open apex, corono-radicular groove, root fractures were managed using cone beam computed tomography with an interdisciplinary approach. The usefulness of CBCT in various dental specialties like endodontics, oral surgery, periodontics were discussed.

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Aims: Aim of the present study is to compare and evaluate the effect of different beverages on surface hardness of nanohybrid resin composite in an invitro model. Materials and Methods: Eighty specimens of nanohybrid resin composite were prepared and divided into four group, i.e., twenty each. They were then immersed in beverages and then subjected for microhardness testing. The machine used for testing is Vicker's microhardness. Results: Microhardness of all groups significantly decreased after being immersed in the tested beverages (P < 0.05) and much difference was found within first 7 days. Conclusion: The effect of beverages on the surface of restorative material depends on the exposure time and chemical composition of beverages. Clinical Relevance To Interdisciplinary Dentistry Consumption of acidic food, fruit juices, soft drinks, coffee, tea, or wine can result in surface damage and decrease hardness and esthetic qualities of a restorative material.

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This case report describes oral rehabilitation of a patient with soft palate defect and subsequent velopharyngeal (Velopharyngeal insufficiency) insufficiency by velopharyngeal prosthesis. The successful rehabilitation of such kind of patient requires the team effort of health professionals. This case report describes fabrication of hollow bulb obturator for a completely edentulous patient who had a congenital or developmental defect of soft palate and not undergone any treatment previously. It is a challenging task for the prosthodontist to treat such patients. In VP defect, hypernasality, regurgitation of food and liquids are the common consequences if left untreated. A maxillary hollow bulb obturator was fabricated to prevent fluid leakage through nose, to maintain cleanliness, speech resonance, to improve physical and psychological health. Clinical Relevance To Interdisciplinary Dentistry A method to deal large velopharyngeal insufficiency with light weight prosthesis.

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Single tooth malposition has been a problem since antiquity, and attempts have been made to correct this for quite a while. Autogenous tooth transplantation, or autotransplantation, is the surgical repositioning of a tooth from one location in the mouth to another in the same individual. Patient selection accompanied with an appropriate technique can lead to phenomenal esthetic and functional results. Here, the donor tooth was extracted, treated endodontically, and transferred to a prepared socket and splinted. On postoperative radiographic examination, the donor tooth showed no pathological changes and had no mobility associated and was well in function and esthetics. Clinical Relevance To Interdisciplinary Dentistry Autotransplantation is a viable, conservative, and an economically alternative treatment to implant or extraction to position a malposed tooth/teeth.

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