Background: Type II diabetes is becoming an epidemic among the population of Qatar. Patients with type II diabetes are more prone to periodontal disease. Metabolic derangement and poor quality of life are related to deterioration in the periodontal status. Objective: The aim of the current study is to estimate the prevalence of periodontal disease among patients with type II diabetes in Doha, Qatar. Study Design: This was observational cross-sectional study. Methods: One hundred and eighty patients with II diabetes were included in the study. Data were collected from participant medical records. The dental examinations consisted of a full-mouth assessment including the number of remaining teeth, assessment of periodontal status using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index: To determine the impact of dental caries on the teeth. Similarly, the World Health Organization community periodontal index was used to determine the periodontal status of the patients. Information on metabolic parameters including glycosylated hemoglobin A1C values was collected from the participants' medical files. Results: A total of 49 (36.6%) participants had periodontal pocket of 4–6 mm, more than a third 46.6 (38.3%) of the participants had one tooth missing, around 52 (29%) patients had filled teeth, more than a third 72 (40%) of the participants had poor oral hygiene, two-third 120 (66.6%) had gingivitis, 71 (39%) periodontitis, and 66 (36.6%) dental caries. DMFT score showed that the majority of participants had decayed teeth 136 (75, 6%), 113 (63, 1%) had missing teeth, and 27 (15%) had teeth with total crown destruction. The mean DMF index was 6.3. Conclusion: Periodontitis was common among patients with type II diabetes in Qatar.

Context: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change in color of titanium dioxide (Sigma-Aldrich)-coated heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate resin samples (DPI Heat Cure) and compare it with the color change of conventionally polished samples upon storage in different beverages. Materials and Methods: Fifty disc-shaped samples were made from the DPI Heat Cure. Twenty-five samples were coated with siloxane primer (Ultradent Products) followed by titanium dioxide using an airbrush. They were then subjected to heat treatment. Remaining twenty-five samples were routinely polished. Initial color values were recorded using a spectrophotometer (Datacolor SPECTRUM 650). The samples were then immersed in artificial saliva, coffee, cola, alcohol, and turmeric solution for 10 min, followed by storage in distilled water daily for 56 days. The color change values (ΔE) were calculated using a mathematical formula. Statistical Analysis: The data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honest significant difference test. Results: Uncoated samples showed higher value of color change than the coated ones in all groups. Maximum color change was seen with the turmeric solution in both groups, which was highly unacceptable clinically (ΔE≈20). Conclusion: TiO₂ coating slows down the process of color change of heat-cured acrylic resin.

Background: Die silicone is used for making dies for chair side fabrication of inlays and onlays. Die silicone material is user friendly and fast setting but undergoes shrinkage. Aim: To compare the dimensional stability between Die stone and Die Silicone. Methods: A metal die with known dimensions is made. Impressions of the metal die are made with Polyether impression material. Dies are made out of Die Stone and Die Silicone. The Dimensions of the reproduced details are measured and compared. Results: Both Die Stone and Die Silicone produce comparable results. Conclusion: As Die Silicone is made of Polymer, its dimensional stability is a query. But in the study it was found that, they had similar results. With the advantages of fast setting, chipping and abrasion resistance, it would make Die Silicone a more user friendly material of choice for die making.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the dentinal tubule occlusion using a desensitizing toothpaste, mouthwash, and their combination for a period of 60 days under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods: A total of 120 extracted premolars were collected, cleaned of gross debris, and sectioned labiolingually to obtain 60 mesial and distal surfaces. Smear layer was removed by etching the blocks in 6% citric acid for 2 min and rinsed in distilled water. The specimens were divided into four groups with a control group, mouthwash, toothpaste, and their combination groups brushed twice daily for 60 days. The sections were viewed under SEM to detect the percentage of tubule occlusion. Groups were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: The toothpaste group showed better tubule occlusion followed by the combination and mouthwash group (P > 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between all the three groups. All the groups showed complete tubule occlusion on the 28^th, 45^th, and 60^th day. Conclusions: The dentin tubule occlusion was in the order: toothpaste group > combination group > mouthwash group. Maximum dentine tubule occlusion was found by the 28^th day in all the groups.

Objective: The objective of this study is to measure the strain developed in the simulated bone around implants with different percentages of bone implant contact (BIC), namely 50%, 75% and 100%, with loads of 200, 400, 600, and 800 N. Materials and Methods: Thirty implant replicas of dimension 3.75 mm × 11.5 mm were mounted in simulated bone blocks of auto-polymerizing acrylic resin. The difference in the BICs was created by selectively covering the threaded portion with modeling wax. The wax used for covering the implant surface was eliminated by injecting hot water through sprues created in the resin blocks. Radiographs of the prepared acrylic blocks were taken to ensure different BICs. Metal-ceramic crowns were cemented over abutments. Strain gauges were bonded and static loads of 200, 400, 600, 800 N were applied using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed with factorial ANOVA. Results: An increase in strain was observed when the percentage of bone to implant contact increased. For specimens with 50% BIC, at 200 N load peri-implant strain of 42.8 με was recorded, and which progressively increased with increase to 94.02 με with increase in load to 800 N. For the specimens with 75% BIC, at 200 N load peri-implant strain of 208.9 με was recorded, which increased to 254.5 με when the load increased to 800 N. Similarly, for the specimens with 100% BIC, at 200 N load peri-implant strain of 347.02 με was recorded and this increased to 427.7 με when the load was increased to 800 N. Conclusions: An increase in BIC by 1.5 times, from 50% to 75%, resulted in an increase in peri-implant strain by 3.5 times. On the other hand, when BIC increased 1.3 times from 75% to 100%, an increase in peri-implant strain was 1.6 times. Insignificant effect of load on the peri-implant strain was observed when the load increased by 200 N. Rise in occlusal load by 400 N showed significant increase in the peri-implant strain.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of diode laser and fluoride varnish in the treatment of dental hypersensitivity (DH). Settings and Design: Randomized control clinical trial. Subjects and Methods: A randomized clinical trial was done on 40 teeth selected from 17 patients. Visual analog scale (VAS) >3 from both sexes were randomly allocated into two groups: 20 teeth in diode laser group and 20 in fluoride group. Teeth were subjected to vitality testing to rule out any pulpal pathology. Dentine hypersensitivity was evaluated using tactile stimulus and air blast at baseline, 15, 30, and 60 days. Statistical Analysis Used: Independent student t test, ANOVA. Results: After 15 days both the treatment modalities were effective and the effectiveness was maintained all through 60 days. However, the effectiveness of fluoride varnish started reducing by the end of 60th day, whereas, diode laser shown significant effectiveness in reducing DH even at the end of 60th day. Conclusion: The diode laser and fluoride varnish, both are effective in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. However, over a period of 60 days, diode laser showed superior results when compared to fluoride varnish.

Restoration of anterior esthetic zone is a challenge to the restorative dentist. It is more challenging when it presents with insufficient tooth structure. Crown lengthening procedures or orthodontic extrusion can be employed to restore such cases. The aim of this paper is to present the rehabilitation of an anterior tooth with insufficient tooth structure in a medically compromised patient. An interdisciplinary approach was employed wherein a customized cast post and core with a hook was fabricated for facilitating orthodontic extrusion.

Fixed bridges and implants are often used to replace missing teeth; telescopic overdenture may be considered as another option for combining good retentive and stabilizing properties with a splinting action. The telescopic denture is a removable prosthesis that is supported by the retained teeth and the residual ridge or mucosa. It is a versatile and successful means of achieving long-term restoration of a partially edentulous jaw.

Patients with gingival recession are concerned with appearance of the exposed root surface, root hypersensitivity, root surface abrasion, high incidence of root caries, compromised plaque control, and esthetically compromised restorative treatment. All of these dental problems can be resolved by surgical coverage of exposed root surface of gingival recession. The present case report was designed for the treatment of gingival recession by the periosteum inversion technique. A patient with Miller Class I gingival recession of 3.5 mm, gingival height of 2.0 mm, and probing depth of 2.0 mm was treated by the periosteum inversion technique. In this technique, partial-thickness flap was prepared and then apical to recession; periosteum was reflected and inverted on exposed root surface, which remains pedicle crestly. At the end of 12 months, 100% root surface was covered successfully with 5.5 mm of gingival height and 1.0 mm of probing depth. Thus, the periosteum inversion technique can be used for coverage of exposed root surface of gingival recession successfully.

With the increasing popularity of esthetic dentistry, an understanding of the therapeutic modalities brought about by an interdisciplinary approach has developed. As a result, crown lengthening procedures have become an integral component of the esthetic armamentarium and are utilized with increasing frequency to enhance the appearance and retention of restorations placed within the esthetic zone. The present case is managed with an internal bevel gingivectomy together with bone recontouring without compromising tooth support and esthetics.